Out of all the single-ply membrane roofing systems, EPDM has become one of the most popular options for flat roofing systems. EPDM is very durable and lasts long, and it also comes at a price that is manageable for many.
As an owner or a property manager of a commercial building, you might already know a bit about this rubber roofing membrane, but did you know that it comes in two color options — black and white?
Most homeowners are only familiar with black EPDM, which has been around for decades. However, white EPDM is gaining popularity as an energy-efficient alternative. But what exactly is the difference between the two, and which one is better for your roof? Should you rely on the traditional option, or is it time to consider a newer alternative? You’ll find all your answers below.
EPDM Roofing Materials: The Pioneer Of Modern Commercial Roofing Systems
Before we dive into the difference between the two colors, let’s clarify what EPDM is.
EPDM stands for Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer, a type of synthetic rubber. It’s widely used in flat roofing systems because of its flexibility, weather resistance, and long lifespan. EPDM is sold in large sheets or rolls and is either mechanically fastened, fully adhered, or ballasted.
It’s a popular choice for flat roofs because it:
- Resists UV damage, ozone, and extreme weather
- Lasts 25 to 30 years (or longer with proper maintenance)
- Is relatively low-maintenance compared to other roofing systems
To learn more, visit our article: Your Complete Guide To EPDM Roofing Systems
What Led To Creating A White EPDM Membrane?
Roofing manufacturers are constantly looking for ways to improve their products. This drive has already led to some of the best innovations in asphalt shingles and composite roofing systems, and EPDM has followed suit. EPDM was known for its distinctive black color, and while it offered superb durability, there was a slight concern regarding how it would fare through years of sunlight. White EPDM was created to handle those problems.
Black EPDM vs. White EPDM: Points To Consider
Both white and black EPDM have several differences, and in this section, we’ll compare them on a few important parameters.
Color and Heat Reflectivity
The most obvious difference between black and white EPDM is, of course, the color. But this isn’t just about how your flat roof will look, it directly impacts the roof’s performance.
Black EPDM
Absorbs heat: Black EPDM membranes, due to their color, can soak up sunlight more than other options. This can cause your flat roof to become significantly hotter during the day. On sunny days, the surface temperature can easily reach 160°F or more. This can contribute to higher indoor temperatures if the roof lacks sufficient insulation.
Better for cold climates: The heat retention of black EPDM can be beneficial in colder regions, helping to slightly reduce heating costs in the winter.
Prone to expansion and contraction: The constant temperature fluctuations (hot during the day, cooler at night) can cause expansion and contraction, which may lead to membrane stress over time.
White EPDM
Reflects heat: White EPDM has a reflective surface that bounces sunlight away, keeping the roof cooler. It can reduce surface temperatures by up to 80°F compared to black EPDM.
Better for warmer climates: White EPDM has better heat-reflective properties, which helps reduce cooling costs during hot summers.
More energy efficient: White EPDM is often promoted as a “cool roof” option. This is mostly due to the bright white membrane. White color can help lower the heat island effect, making it a greener, more energy-conscious choice.
Energy Efficiency and Climate Considerations
The color of your EPDM roof directly affects your energy bills, especially in regions with extreme temperatures.
White EPDM:
White EPDM is the clear winner if you live in an area known for its warm summers and generally higher temperatures. Its reflective properties can significantly reduce indoor temperatures, lowering the strain on your HVAC system. This can result in noticeable savings on your cooling costs.
Black EPDM:
Black EPDM roofs might make more sense in colder climates such as Wisconsin. It absorbs heat, which can help offset some heating costs in the winter (though the impact is typically smaller than the cooling savings from white EPDM).
Note for mixed climates: If you live in an area with both hot summers and cold winters, you’ll need to weigh the seasonal energy impacts carefully.
Longevity (How Long Do EPDM Roofs Last?)
We know that black EPDM roofs have an impressive lifespan. Thanks to the similar composition, white EPDM lasts long as well. But their performance varies slightly:
Black EPDM
Black EPDM naturally resists UV damage, but over time, prolonged exposure to high heat can degrade the rubber slightly faster. However, with that said, it’s still proven to have a slightly longer lifespan than TPO, ranging from 25 to 50 years.
White EPDM
White membranes reflect UV rays, which helps prevent heat-related wear and tear. However, white EPDM can be more prone to showing dirt and grime, which can reduce its reflectivity over time if not properly cleaned. It’s average lifespan is around 20 to 30 years.
Installation and Maintenance Differences
The installation process for black and white EPDM is virtually the same. Both of these roofing membranes can be laid down on your flat roof in the following ways:
- Fully adhered (glued down)
- Mechanically fastened (screwed into place)
- Ballasted (weighed down with stone or pavers)
The key difference lies in maintenance:
- Black EPDM hides dirt better, making it easier to maintain. However, routine inspections are still very important to take care of potential tears or seam separation.
- White EPDM tends to get dirtier faster, reducing its reflectivity. Regular cleaning is essential to preserve its energy efficiency.
Maintenance Tip: If you choose white EPDM, schedule routine cleanings (once or twice a year) to keep it reflective and effective.
Cost Differences
The cost of black vs. white EPDM depends on factors like material pricing, labor, and roof size.
Black EPDM
This is typically cheaper and more readily available. It has been the industry standard for decades, which makes it more affordable.
White EPDM
This EPDM roof can be 10% to 30% more expensive due to its reflective coating and energy-efficient properties. However, the long-term energy savings may offset the higher upfront cost in warm climates.
Environmental Impact
For eco-conscious homeowners, white EPDM is generally the greener choice.
Black EPDM:
Black membranes can contribute to the urban heat island effect in some cases, as darker surfaces tend to absorb more heat, which may increase surrounding temperatures and potentially raise energy consumption.
White EPDM
White EPDM helps counter this by reflecting sunlight, which can lower roof temperatures and may indirectly reduce carbon emissions by decreasing the need for air conditioning.
Black vs. White EPDM: Building Suitability in Wisconsin
In Wisconsin’s mixed climate, the choice between black and white EPDM depends on the building type and energy needs. Black EPDM suits warehouses, industrial facilities, and older commercial buildings where retaining heat during the cold winters is beneficial. It’s also a practical choice for structures with minimal cooling requirements.
White EPDM, on the other hand, is ideal for offices, retail spaces, and buildings with high occupancy or large cooling demands. Its reflective surface can reduce summer cooling costs, making it a smart option for energy-efficient commercial properties in warmer seasons.
The Bottom Line
Both black and white EPDM are excellent roofing choices for flat roofs, but they serve different purposes. In Wisconsin’s mixed climate, black EPDM is often preferred for its ability to retain heat, making it a practical choice for buildings looking to reduce heating costs during the long, cold winters. However, white EPDM is still worth considering — especially for commercial properties with high cooling demands in the summer, as it can help lower energy bills.
Still unsure which EPDM membrane is right for your roof? Our experts at Prestige Roofing LLC are here to help. Contact us at (920) 791-0414 for a roofing consultation, and let us guide you toward the best solution for your property.